以下是一个使用 `pygame` 实现的简单数独游戏生成器和交互程序。玩家可以一格一格地填入数字，填错后可以删除答案，完成所有格子且正确时提示完成并关闭页面。 ### 代码实现 ```python import pygame import random import sys # 初始化pygame pygame.init() # 设置窗口大小和标题 WIDTH, HEIGHT = 540, 600 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption("数独游戏") # 定义颜色 WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) GREY = (128, 128, 128) BLUE = (0, 0, 255) RED = (255, 0, 0) # 设置字体 font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 40) # 创建一个空的数独网格 def create_empty_grid(): return [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)] # 检查是否可以在grid[row][col]放置num def is_valid(grid, num, row, col): # 检查行 if num in grid[row]: return False # 检查列 if num in [grid[i][col] for i in range(9)]: return False # 检查3x3小方块 start_row, start_col = 3 * (row // 3), 3 * (col // 3) for i in range(start_row, start_row + 3): for j in range(start_col, start_col + 3): if grid[i][j] == num: return False return True # 使用回溯法填充数独 def solve_sudoku(grid): empty = find_empty(grid) if not empty: return True row, col = empty for num in range(1, 10): if is_valid(grid, num, row, col): grid[row][col] = num if solve_sudoku(grid): return True grid[row][col] = 0 return False # 找到空白位置 def find_empty(grid): for i in range(9): for j in range(9): if grid[i][j] == 0: return (i, j) return None # 随机生成一个完整的数独解 def generate_full_sudoku(): grid = create_empty_grid() solve_sudoku(grid) return grid # 从完整数独中移除一些数字以生成谜题 def remove_numbers(grid, difficulty=30): attempts = difficulty while attempts > 0: row = random.randint(0, 8) col = random.randint(0, 8) if grid[row][col] != 0: backup = grid[row][col] grid[row][col] = 0 copy = [row[:] for row in grid] if not has_unique_solution(copy): grid[row][col] = backup attempts -= 1 return grid # 检查数独是否有唯一解 def has_unique_solution(grid): solutions = [] def solve_and_count(grid): empty = find_empty(grid) if not empty: solutions.append([row[:] for row in grid]) return row, col = empty for num in range(1, 10): if is_valid(grid, num, row, col): grid[row][col] = num solve_and_count(grid) if len(solutions) > 1: return grid[row][col] = 0 solve_and_count([row[:] for row in grid]) return len(solutions) == 1 # 绘制数独网格 def draw_grid(): for x in range(0, WIDTH, 60): if x % 180 == 0: pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (x, 0), (x, HEIGHT - 60), 4) else: pygame.draw.line(screen, GREY, (x, 0), (x, HEIGHT - 60), 2) for y in range(0, HEIGHT - 60, 60): if y % 180 == 0: pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (0, y), (WIDTH, y), 4) else: pygame.draw.line(screen, GREY, (0, y), (WIDTH, y), 2) # 绘制数字 def draw_numbers(grid, player_grid): for row in range(9): for col in range(9): if grid[row][col] != 0: text = font.render(str(grid[row][col]), True, BLACK) screen.blit(text, (col * 60 + 20, row * 60 + 10)) elif player_grid[row][col] != 0: text = font.render(str(player_grid[row][col]), True, BLUE) screen.blit(text, (col * 60 + 20, row * 60 + 10)) # 主函数 def main(): full_grid = generate_full_sudoku() puzzle_grid = remove_numbers([row[:] for row in full_grid]) player_grid = create_empty_grid() selected = None running = True completed = False while running: screen.fill(WHITE) draw_grid() draw_numbers(puzzle_grid, player_grid) for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not completed: x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() col, row = x // 60, y // 60 if 0 <= row < 9 and 0 <= col < 9: selected = (row, col) if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and selected and not completed: row, col = selected if event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE or event.key == pygame.K_DELETE: player_grid[row][col] = 0 elif event.unicode.isdigit() and int(event.unicode) in range(1, 10): player_grid[row][col] = int(event.unicode) if puzzle_grid[row][col] != 0 or player_grid[row][col] != full_grid[row][col]: player_grid[row][col] = 0 # 检查是否完成 if not completed and all(all(cell != 0 for cell in row) for row in player_grid): if all(full_grid[row][col] == player_grid[row][col] for row in range(9) for col in range(9)): completed = True print("恭喜你完成了数独！") if completed: pygame.time.wait(2000) running = False pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit() sys.exit() if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` ### 代码解释 1. **数独生成**： - 使用回溯法生成一个完整的数独解。 - 通过随机移除数字生成谜题，并确保谜题有唯一解。 2. **界面绘制**： - 使用 `pygame` 绘制数独网格，分为 9x9 的小格子，每 3x3 的区域用粗线分隔。 - 数字根据来源不同（初始谜题或玩家输入）使用不同颜色显示。 3. **玩家交互**： - 玩家可以通过鼠标点击选择格子，键盘输入数字或删除键清除数字。 - 如果输入错误（与初始谜题冲突或不匹配最终解），数字会被自动清除。 4. **完成检查**： - 当玩家填满所有格子后，程序会检查是否与生成的完整解一致。如果一致，则提示完成并退出。 --- ###