以下是一个使用 `pygame` 实现的数独游戏生成器和玩家解答界面的代码。它会随机生成一个有效的数独谜题，并允许玩家逐格填写答案。 ### 代码实现 ```python import pygame import random import sys # 初始化 Pygame pygame.init() # 屏幕尺寸 SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT = 540, 600 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption("数独游戏") # 颜色定义 WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) GREY = (128, 128, 128) BLUE = (0, 0, 255) RED = (255, 0, 0) # 字体设置 font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans", 40) font_small = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans", 20) # 数独网格大小 GRID_SIZE = 9 CELL_SIZE = SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE # 检查数字是否有效 def is_valid(board, num, pos): row, col = pos # 检查行 if num in board[row]: return False # 检查列 if num in [board[i][col] for i in range(9)]: return False # 检查3x3小方块 box_x = col // 3 box_y = row // 3 for i in range(box_y * 3, box_y * 3 + 3): for j in range(box_x * 3, box_x * 3 + 3): if board[i][j] == num: return False return True # 填充数独解 def solve_sudoku(board): empty = find_empty(board) if not empty: return True row, col = empty for num in range(1, 10): if is_valid(board, num, (row, col)): board[row][col] = num if solve_sudoku(board): return True board[row][col] = 0 return False # 找到空格子 def find_empty(board): for i in range(len(board)): for j in range(len(board[0])): if board[i][j] == 0: return (i, j) return None # 生成数独谜题 def generate_sudoku(): board = [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)] fill_board(board) remove_numbers(board) return board # 填充完整的数独解 def fill_board(board): find = find_empty(board) if not find: return True row, col = find random.shuffle(range(1, 10)) for num in range(1, 10): if is_valid(board, num, (row, col)): board[row][col] = num if fill_board(board): return True board[row][col] = 0 return False # 移除部分数字生成谜题 def remove_numbers(board): attempts = 50 # 控制难度 while attempts > 0: row = random.randint(0, 8) col = random.randint(0, 8) while board[row][col] == 0: row = random.randint(0, 8) col = random.randint(0, 8) backup = board[row][col] board[row][col] = 0 copy_board = [row[:] for row in board] if not has_unique_solution(copy_board): board[row][col] = backup attempts -= 1 # 检查是否有唯一解 def has_unique_solution(board): count = [0] def solve_and_count(board): find = find_empty(board) if not find: count[0] += 1 return if count[0] > 1: return row, col = find for num in range(1, 10): if is_valid(board, num, (row, col)): board[row][col] = num solve_and_count(board) board[row][col] = 0 solve_and_count(board) return count[0] == 1 # 绘制网格 def draw_grid(): for i in range(GRID_SIZE + 1): if i % 3 == 0 and i != 0: thickness = 4 else: thickness = 1 pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (0, i * CELL_SIZE), (SCREEN_WIDTH, i * CELL_SIZE), thickness) pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (i * CELL_SIZE, 0), (i * CELL_SIZE, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 60), thickness) # 绘制数独数字 def draw_numbers(board, original): for i in range(GRID_SIZE): for j in range(GRID_SIZE): if board[i][j] != 0: color = BLACK if original[i][j] != 0 else BLUE text = font.render(str(board[i][j]), True, color) screen.blit(text, (j * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE // 3, i * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE // 4)) # 主循环 def main(): board = generate_sudoku() original = [row[:] for row in board] selected = None running = True while running: screen.fill(WHITE) draw_grid() draw_numbers(board, original) for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if 0 <= x < SCREEN_WIDTH and 0 <= y < SCREEN_HEIGHT - 60: selected = (y // CELL_SIZE, x // CELL_SIZE) if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and selected: row, col = selected if original[row][col] == 0: if event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE or event.key == pygame.K_DELETE: board[row][col] = 0 elif pygame.K_1 <= event.key <= pygame.K_9: num = int(event.unicode) if is_valid(board, num, selected): board[row][col] = num else: print("无效输入！") pygame.display.update() pygame.quit() sys.exit() if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` ### 代码解释 1. **数独生成**： - 使用回溯算法生成一个完整的数独解。 - 然后随机移除一些数字，确保生成的谜题有唯一解。 2. **用户交互**： - 玩家可以通过鼠标点击选择单元格，并通过键盘输入数字进行填空。 - 如果输入的数字不符合数独规则，程序会提示“无效输入”。 3. **绘图功能**： - 使用 `pygame` 的绘图功能绘制数独网格和数字。 - 网格线根据 3x3 小方块加粗显示。 4. **难度控制**： - `remove_numbers` 函数中的 `attempts` 参数控制了移除数字的数量，从而调整谜题难度。 --- ###