以下是一个使用 `pygame` 生成数独游戏并允许玩家逐格解答的示例代码： ```python import pygame import random # 初始化 pygame pygame.init() # 设置窗口大小和标题 WIDTH, HEIGHT = 540, 600 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption("数独游戏") # 定义颜色 WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) GRAY = (128, 128, 128) BLUE = (0, 0, 255) RED = (255, 0, 0) # 设置字体 font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 40) # 创建数独网格 def create_board(): board = [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)] fill_board(board) remove_numbers(board) return board # 填充完整的数独解 def fill_board(board): numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] for row in range(9): for col in range(9): if board[row][col] == 0: random.shuffle(numbers) for number in numbers: if is_valid(board, number, (row, col)): board[row][col] = number if solve_board(board): return True board[row][col] = 0 return False return True # 检查数字是否有效 def is_valid(board, num, pos): row, col = pos # 检查行 for i in range(9): if board[row][i] == num and col != i: return False # 检查列 for i in range(9): if board[i][col] == num and row != i: return False # 检查3x3宫格 box_x = col // 3 box_y = row // 3 for i in range(box_y * 3, box_y * 3 + 3): for j in range(box_x * 3, box_x * 3 + 3): if board[i][j] == num and (i, j) != pos: return False return True # 移除部分数字生成题目 def remove_numbers(board): attempts = 50 while attempts > 0: row = random.randint(0, 8) col = random.randint(0, 8) while board[row][col] == 0: row = random.randint(0, 8) col = random.randint(0, 8) backup = board[row][col] board[row][col] = 0 copy_board = [row[:] for row in board] if not solve_board(copy_board): board[row][col] = backup attempts -= 1 # 解数独 def solve_board(board): empty = find_empty(board) if not empty: return True row, col = empty for num in range(1, 10): if is_valid(board, num, (row, col)): board[row][col] = num if solve_board(board): return True board[row][col] = 0 return False # 查找空格 def find_empty(board): for i in range(9): for j in range(9): if board[i][j] == 0: return (i, j) return None # 绘制数独网格 def draw_grid(): screen.fill(WHITE) for i in range(10): if i % 3 == 0: thickness = 4 else: thickness = 1 pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (50 + 50 * i, 50), (50 + 50 * i, 500), thickness) pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (50, 50 + 50 * i), (500, 50 + 50 * i), thickness) # 显示数字 def draw_numbers(board): for i in range(9): for j in range(9): if board[i][j] != 0: text = font.render(str(board[i][j]), True, BLACK) screen.blit(text, (65 + j * 50, 55 + i * 50)) # 主循环 def main(): board = create_board() selected = None running = True while running: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: x, y = event.pos if 50 <= x <= 500 and 50 <= y <= 500: selected = ((y - 50) // 50, (x - 50) // 50) if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and selected: row, col = selected if board[row][col] == 0: if event.unicode.isdigit() and 1 <= int(event.unicode) <= 9: board[row][col] = int(event.unicode) draw_grid() draw_numbers(board) pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit() if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` 上述代码中： 1. 使用了 `create_board` 函数生成一个数独谜题。 2. 玩家可以通过鼠标点击选择格子，并通过键盘输入数字进行填入。 3. 数字的有效性检查由 `is_valid` 函数完成。 ### 解释 - **`create_board`**: 首先生成一个完整的数独解，然后随机移除部分数字形成题目。 - **`fill_board` 和 `solve_board`**: 使用回溯算法填充或解决数独。 - **`remove_numbers`**: 随机移除数字以生成题目，同时确保题目有唯一解。 - **`draw_grid` 和 `draw_numbers`**: 在屏幕上绘制数独网格和数字。 - **主循环**: 处理用户输入（鼠标点击和键盘输入），更新并显示数独状态。