以下是使用 Python 实现随机生成相同长度 `n` 的 `list`、自定义链表及 `dict`，并进行 `k` 次随机访问和按值查询操作，同时计时比较效率差异的代码： ```python import random import time # 自定义链表节点类 class ListNode: def __init__(self, val=0, next=None): self.val = val self.next = next # 自定义链表类 class LinkedList: def __init__(self): self.head = None self.length = 0 def append(self, val): new_node = ListNode(val) if not self.head: self.head = new_node else: current = self.head while current.next: current = current.next current.next = new_node self.length += 1 def get(self, index): if index < 0 or index >= self.length: return None current = self.head for _ in range(index): current = current.next return current.val def find_value(self, value): current = self.head while current: if current.val == value: return True current = current.next return False # 生成数据 n = 10000 k = 1000 # 生成 list lst = [random.randint(0, 100000) for _ in range(n)] # 生成链表 linked_list = LinkedList() for i in range(n): linked_list.append(random.randint(0, 100000)) # 生成字典 d = {i: random.randint(0, 100000) for i in range(n)} # 随机访问操作 # list 随机访问 start_time = time.time() for _ in range(k): index = random.randint(0, n - 1) _ = lst[index] list_random_access_time = time.time() - start_time # 链表随机访问 start_time = time.time() for _ in range(k): index = random.randint(0, n - 1) _ = linked_list.get(index) linked_list_random_access_time = time.time() - start_time # 字典随机访问 start_time = time.time() for _ in range(k): key = random.randint(0, n - 1) _ = d[key] dict_random_access_time = time.time() - start_time # 按值查询操作 # list 按值查询 start_time = time.time() for _ in range(k): value = random.randint(0, 100000) if value in lst: pass list_value_query_time = time.time() - start_time # 链表按值查询 start_time = time.time() for _ in range(k): value = random.randint(0, 100000) _ = linked_list.find_value(value) linked_list_value_query_time = time.time() - start_time # 字典按值查询 start_time = time.time() for _ in range(k): value = random.randint(0, 100000) if value in d.values(): pass dict_value_query_time = time.time() - start_time print("List 随机访问时间:", list_random_access_time) print("链表随机访问时间:", linked_list_random_access_time) print("字典随机访问时间:", dict_random_access_time) print("List 按值查询时间:", list_value_query_time) print("链表按值查询时间:", linked_list_value_query_time) print("字典按值查询时间:", dict_value_query_time) ``` ###