要解析Markdown文件中的标题和列表，可以使用`markdown-it-py`库。以下是示例代码： ```python from markdown_it import MarkdownIt def parse_markdown_headings_and_lists(file_path): try: with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file: content = file.read() md = MarkdownIt() tokens = md.parse(content) headings = [] lists = [] for token in tokens: if token.type == 'heading_open': level = token.tag[1:] next_token = next((t for t in tokens if t.nesting == -1 and t.tag == token.tag), None) if next_token: heading_text = content[token.map[0]:next_token.map[1]].strip() headings.append((level, heading_text)) elif token.type == 'bullet_list_open' or token.type == 'ordered_list_open': list_items = [] index = tokens.index(token) + 1 while index < len(tokens) and tokens[index].type != f'{token.type[:-4]}_close': if tokens[index].type == 'list_item_open': next_index = next((i for i in range(index + 1, len(tokens)) if tokens[i].type == 'list_item_close'), None) if next_index: item_text = content[tokens[index].map[0]:tokens[next_index].map[1]].strip() list_items.append(item_text) index += 1 lists.append(list_items) return headings, lists except FileNotFoundError: print(f"错误：文件 {file_path} 未找到") return [], [] except Exception as e: print(f"读取文件时出错: {e}") return [], [] ``` 该函数`parse_markdown_headings_and_lists`接收Markdown文件路径，读取文件内容并使用`markdown-it-py`解析，提取标题和列表信息并返回。