### 简单 Python 项目大作业示例 以下是几个适合初学者的简单 Python 项目，这些项目可以帮助学生更好地掌握基础知识并应用于实际场景： #### 1. **简易计算器** 实现一个可以执行基本算术运算（加减乘除）的小型程序。 ```python def add(x, y): return x + y def subtract(x, y): return x - y def multiply(x, y): return x * y def divide(x, y): return x / y if y != 0 else "Error" print("选择操作：\n1. 加\n2. 减\n3. 乘\n4. 除") choice = input("输入你的选择(1/2/3/4): ") num1 = float(input("输入第一个数字: ")) num2 = float(input("输入第二个数字: ")) if choice == '1': print(f"{num1} + {num2} = {add(num1, num2)}")[^1] elif choice == '2': print(f"{num1} - {num2} = {subtract(num1, num2)}")[^1] elif choice == '3': print(f"{num1} * {num2} = {multiply(num1, num2)}") elif choice == '4': print(f"{num1} / {num2} = {divide(num1, num2)}")[^1] else: print("非法输入") ``` #### 2. **猜数字游戏** 编写一个让用户猜测随机生成数字的游戏，提示用户每次猜测后的高低情况。 ```python import random number_to_guess = random.randint(1, 100) attempts = 0 while True: guess = int(input("猜一个1到100之间的数字: ")) attempts += 1 if guess < number_to_guess: print("太低了!") elif guess > number_to_guess: print("太高了!") else: print(f"恭喜!你在{attempts}次尝试后猜对了!")[^2] break ``` #### 3. **待办事项列表** 创建一个简单的命令行应用程序来管理用户的待办事项清单。 ```python todo_list = [] def show_menu(): print("\n菜单:") print("1. 添加任务") print("2. 删除任务") print("3. 查看所有任务") print("4. 退出") def add_task(task): todo_list.append(task) def remove_task(index): if 0 <= index < len(todo_list): del todo_list[index] def view_tasks(): if not todo_list: print("当前无任何任务.") else: for i, task in enumerate(todo_list): print(f"{i}. {task}") show_menu() while (choice := input("请选择一项功能: ")) != '4': if choice == '1': new_task = input("请输入新任务: ") add_task(new_task)[^3] elif choice == '2': try: idx = int(input("要删除的任务编号: ")) remove_task(idx) except ValueError: print("无效输入，请重试.")[^3] elif choice == '3': view_tasks()[^3] else: print("未知选项，请重新选择.") ``` #### 4. **石头剪刀布小游戏** 模拟经典的“石头剪刀布”游戏逻辑。 ```python import random options = ["石头", "剪刀", "布"] computer_choice = random.choice(options) player_choice = input("选择'石头','剪刀'或者'布': ") if player_choice == computer_choice: result = "平局" elif ((player_choice == "石头" and computer_choice == "剪刀") or (player_choice == "剪刀" and computer_choice == "布") or (player_choice == "布" and computer_choice == "石头")): result = "玩家获胜!" else: result = "电脑获胜!" print(f"\n你选择了:{player_choice}, 电脑选择了:{computer_choice}") print(result)[^4] ``` --- ###