使用 `matplotlib.pyplot` 绘制 K 线图，并插入 SMA 均线图、KDJ 图，同时用箭头指出指标，可按如下方法实现。 首先，导入必要的库： ```python import tushare as ts import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import mplfinance as mpf import talib ``` 接着，获取数据。以 `tushare` 库获取股票数据为例： ```python # 设置 tushare 的 token ts.set_token('your_token') pro = ts.pro_api() # 获取股票数据 df = pro.daily(ts_code='000001.SZ', start_date='20230101', end_date='20240101') df = df.sort_values(by='trade_date') df['trade_date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['trade_date']) df = df.set_index('trade_date') ``` 然后，计算 SMA 均线和 KDJ 指标： ```python # 计算 SMA 均线 df['SMA_5'] = talib.SMA(df['close'], timeperiod=5) df['SMA_10'] = talib.SMA(df['close'], timeperiod=10) # 计算 KDJ 指标 df['slowk'], df['slowd'] = talib.STOCH(df['high'], df['low'], df['close'], fastk_period=9, slowk_period=3, slowk_matype=0, slowd_period=3, slowd_matype=0) ``` 之后，使用 `mplfinance` 绘制 K 线图、SMA 均线图和 KDJ 图，并添加箭头： ```python # 绘制 K 线图和 SMA 均线图 apds = [ mpf.make_addplot(df[['SMA_5', 'SMA_10']]), mpf.make_addplot(df[['slowk', 'slowd']], panel=1, ylabel='KDJ'), ] # 绘制 K 线图 fig, axes = mpf.plot(df, type='candle', style='yahoo', addplot=apds, returnfig=True) # 添加箭头指出指标 ax = axes[0] for i in range(1, len(df)): if df['slowk'][i] > df['slowd'][i] and df['slowk'][i-1] <= df['slowd'][i-1]: ax.annotate('KDJ金叉', xy=(df.index[i], df['close'][i]), xytext=(df.index[i], df['close'][i] + 2), arrowprops=dict(facecolor='green', shrink=0.05)) if df['slowk'][i] < df['slowd'][i] and df['slowk'][i-1] >= df['slowd'][i-1]: ax.annotate('KDJ死叉', xy=(df.index[i], df['close'][i]), xytext=(df.index[i], df['close'][i] - 2), arrowprops=dict(facecolor='red', shrink=0.05)) plt.show() ``` ###