### 如何通过串口发送和接收十六进制数据 为了实现通过串口发送和接收十六进制数据，在 Python 中可以利用 `pyserial` 库来操作串口设备。下面展示了一个简单的例子，说明怎样配置串口连接以及如何处理十六进制的数据。 #### 安装 pyserial 库 如果尚未安装此库，则可以通过 pip 工具轻松完成安装： ```bash pip install pyserial ``` #### 发送和接收十六进制数据实例 创建一个新的 Python 文件用于测试串口通信功能，并编写如下代码片段： ```python import serial from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify def open_serial_port(port='/dev/ttyUSB0', baudrate=9600): ser = serial.Serial( port=port, baudrate=baudrate, parity=serial.PARITY_NONE, stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE, bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS, timeout=1 ) return ser def send_hex_data(serial_connection, hex_string='A0'): """Send a single byte of hexadecimal data over the serial connection.""" try: # Convert hex string into binary format suitable for sending through serial. binary_data = unhexlify(hex_string.encode('utf-8')) # Write binary data to serial port. serial_connection.write(binary_data) print(f'Sent {len(binary_data)} byte(s): [{binary_data.hex().upper()}]') except Exception as e: print(e) def read_hex_data(serial_connection): """Read incoming hexadecimal data from the serial connection.""" while True: if serial_connection.in_waiting > 0: received_byte = serial_connection.read() # Convert received binary data back into readable hex form. hex_representation = hexlify(received_byte).decode('utf-8').upper() print(f'Received {len(received_byte)} byte(s): [{hex_representation}]') break if __name__ == '__main__': with open_serial_port('/dev/ttyS0') as s: send_hex_data(s, 'DEADBEEF') # Send example hex value # Wait briefly so that we don't miss any response due to timing issues. time.sleep(0.5) read_hex_data(s) # Attempt to receive some hex values ``` 上述程序首先定义了打开指定端口号上的串口函数；接着提供了两个辅助方法分别用来向串口中写入十六进制编码的消息以及读取来自串口的输入流并将它们转换成易于理解的形式显示出来[^1]。