### 编写Python网络爬虫抓取特定图片 为了实现从国家地理网站上抓取湖泊照片的目标，可以采用`requests`库来发送HTTP请求并获取网页内容，利用`BeautifulSoup`解析HTML文档中的图像链接，并通过正则表达式匹配目标图片。最后使用文件操作函数将下载下来的图片保存至本地。 ```python import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import re import os from datetime import date def fetch_lake_images(url): headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)', } response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser") img_tags = soup.find_all('img', {'src': True}) urls = [img['src'] for img in img_tags if is_target_image(img)] save_path = r"C:\Users\alisx\Pictures\Saved Pictures" ensure_directory_exists(save_path) for url in urls: download_and_save_image(url, save_path) def is_target_image(tag): pattern = re.compile(r'lake|Lake') alt_text = tag.get('alt', '') src_url = tag.get('src', '') return bool(pattern.search(alt_text)) or bool(pattern.search(src_url)) def ensure_directory_exists(directory): if not os.path.exists(directory): os.makedirs(directory) def download_and_save_image(image_url, directory): try: image_response = requests.get(image_url, stream=True) file_name = os.path.join( directory, f"bing_{date.today().isoformat()}_{image_url.split('/')[-1]}" ) with open(file_name, 'wb') as out_file: out_file.write(image_response.content) print(f'Successfully downloaded {file_name}') except Exception as e: print(f'Failed to download {image_url}: ', str(e)) ``` 此脚本会遍历页面内的所有`<img>`标签，检查其属性是否含有与“湖”相关的关键词[^1]。一旦找到符合条件的图片URL，则尝试将其下载下来并按照指定路径存储到计算机里。