### 使用Python编写的自动购票程序 #### 创建项目结构 为了构建一个功能完整的自动购票工具，建议创建如下目录结构： ``` autobuyer/ │── config/ │ └── settings.json # 存储配置参数 ├── utils/ # 工具模块 │ ├── __init__.py │ └── login.py # 登录处理逻辑 ├── tests/ # 测试案例 │ ├── test_booking.py # 订票流程测试 └── autobuyer.py # 主程序入口 ``` #### 实现登录功能 在`utils/login.py`中加入模拟登录的功能。这里假设目标网站提供了API接口用于验证用户名密码。 ```python import requests def do_login(username, password): url = "https://example.com/api/v1/auth" payload = {"username": username, "password": password} response = requests.post(url=url, json=payload) if response.status_code == 200 and 'token' in response.json(): token = response.json()['token'] return True, token return False, '' ``` #### 编写核心业务逻辑 编辑`autobuyer.py`作为主要执行文件，负责调用其他组件完成整个购物流程。 ```python from utils.login import do_login import time import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) class AutoBuyer(object): def __init__(self, user_info): self.user_info = user_info self.token = "" def start(self): success, self.token = do_login( self.user_info['account'], self.user_info['pwd']) if not success: raise Exception('Login failed') while True: try: result = self.attempt_purchase() if result.get('status') == 'success': break elif result.get('retry_after'): sleep_time = int(result['retry_after']) + 5 logging.info(f"Waiting {sleep_time} seconds before retrying...") time.sleep(sleep_time) except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\nProgram interrupted by user.") exit(0) def attempt_purchase(self): headers = {'Authorization': f'Bearer {self.token}'} purchase_url = "https://example.com/api/v1/purchase" resp = requests.post(purchase_url, headers=headers).json() return resp if __name__ == '__main__': from pathlib import Path import json project_root = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.absolute()) conf_path = f"{project_root}/config/settings.json" with open(conf_path, encoding="utf-8") as fp: account_details = json.load(fp)['accounts'][0] buyer = AutoBuyer(account_details) buyer.start() ``` 此代码片段展示了如何利用循环不断尝试提交订单直到成功为止，并且每次失败后都会等待一段时间再重试[^1]。