### Python实现包含八个功能的模拟购物车 为了构建一个具备八项主要功能的Python模拟购物车，可以考虑如下设计： #### 功能一：显示商品列表 此功能用于展示当前可用的商品及其价格。 ```python def show_products(products): """Display available products and their prices.""" print("\nAvailable Products:") for index, (product_name, price) in enumerate(products.items(), start=1): print(f"{index}. {product_name}: ${price}") ``` #### 功能二：添加商品到购物车 允许用户选择并添加指定数量的商品至个人购物车内。 ```python def add_to_cart(cart, product_name, quantity, products): """Add selected item to the shopping cart with specified amount.""" if product_name not in products: print("Product does not exist.") return False if product_name in cart: cart[product_name]['quantity'] += int(quantity) else: cart[product_name] = {'price': products[product_name], 'quantity': int(quantity)} print(f"Added {quantity} of '{product_name}' into your cart.") return True ``` #### 功能三：查看购物车详情 提供给顾客浏览已选物品的机会，并计算总价。 ```python def view_cart_details(cart): """Show all items currently inside user's shopping basket along with total cost.""" subtotal = sum(item['price']*item['quantity'] for item in cart.values()) vat = round(subtotal * 0.07, 2) # Assuming a VAT rate at 7% grand_total = round(subtotal + vat, 2) print("\nYour Shopping Cart Details:\n") for name, details in cart.items(): print(f"- Item: {name}, Price per unit: ${details['price']}, Quantity: {details['quantity']}") print(f"\nSub-total: ${subtotal}\nVAT @7%: ${vat}\nGrand Total: ${grand_total}") ``` #### 功能四：移除单个商品 让用户能够删除不再想要购买的产品条目。 ```python def remove_item_from_cart(cart, product_name): """Remove an individual entry from customer’s order list.""" try: del cart[product_name] print(f"'{product_name}' has been successfully removed from your cart!") except KeyError as e: print(e.args[0]) ``` #### 功能五：清空整个购物车 一键清除所有已选购项目以便重新挑选其他产品。 ```python def clear_entire_cart(cart): """Empty out everything within current session's purchase record.""" confirmation = input("Are you sure? This action cannot be undone! [y/N]") if confirmation.lower().strip() == "y": cart.clear() print("Cart emptied successfully.") ``` #### 功能六：结算支付过程 处理最终付款事宜，在确认无误之后结束交易流程。 ```python def checkout_process(cart): """Proceeds towards finalizing orders after reviewing contents & totals.""" while True: choice = input("Ready to check out? Enter Y or N ") if choice.upper() != "Y": break confirm_order = input( f"Do these look correct?\n\n{view_cart_details(cart)}\nEnter y/n " ) if confirm_order.strip().lower() == "y": print("Thank you for shopping with us!\nProcessing payment...") break elif confirm_order.strip().lower() == "n": continue else: print("Invalid option entered; please enter either yes/y or no/n only.") return None ``` #### 功能七：保存订单记录 将已完成的销售数据存储下来供后续查询分析之用。 ```python import json def save_order_history(order_id, cart): """Store completed transactions locally on disk using JSON format.""" filename = f"./orders/order_{order_id}.json" data = [{"Item Name": k, **v} for k,v in cart.items()] with open(filename, mode='w') as file_obj: json.dump(data, fp=file_obj, indent=4) print(f"Order #{order_id} saved under path: ./{filename}") ``` #### 功能八：加载历史订单 读取之前保存过的客户订购信息文件，方便再次访问或打印发票等操作。 ```python from pathlib import Path def load_previous_orders(directory="./orders"): """Retrieve past purchases made by customers through this system.""" directory_path = Path(directory).resolve() if not directory_path.exists(): raise FileNotFoundError("Directory doesn't seem valid.") files_listed = sorted([f.name for f in directory_path.iterdir()]) loaded_data = [] for fname in files_listed: fullpath = str(Path.joinpath(directory_path,fname)) with open(fullpath,'r') as infile: content = json.load(infile) loaded_data.append(content) return loaded_data ``` 上述代码片段展示了如何利用Python来搭建一个简易但完整的在线购物平台的核心逻辑[^1]。通过定义不同的函数模块化各个业务环节，使得整体结构清晰易懂的同时也便于后期维护扩展新特性。