下面是一个使用 **Python + Pygame** 实现的简易“动物连连看”小游戏（简化版），适合初学者理解核心逻辑。它具备以下功能： - 6×6 的方格棋盘（共36个格子） - 随机生成18对动物图标（如 🐶🐱🐰🦊🐼🐻 等 Unicode 动物符号，无需外部图片资源） - 玩家点击两个格子，若图标相同且满足“可连接”规则（本简化版采用**最多一个拐角、路径无障碍+直线段无遮挡**的轻量判断），则消除；否则高亮提示后恢复 - 计时器 + 步数统计 + 成功通关提示 > ✅ 优势：纯 Python 标准库 + `pygame`（仅需 `pip install pygame`），无依赖图片/音频，开箱即用。 --- ### ✅ 完整可运行代码（含详细注释） ```python import pygame import sys import random import math # 初始化 Pygame pygame.init() # 常量定义 WIDTH, HEIGHT = 720, 800 GRID_SIZE = 6 CELL_SIZE = 80 MARGIN = 20 TOP_BAR_HEIGHT = 80 BOARD_X = (WIDTH - GRID_SIZE * CELL_SIZE) // 2 BOARD_Y = TOP_BAR_HEIGHT + 20 # 颜色 BG_COLOR = (240, 248, 255) # Alice Blue GRID_COLOR = (173, 216, 230) # Light Blue SELECTED_COLOR = (255, 215, 0) # Gold MATCH_COLOR = (50, 205, 50) # Lime Green TEXT_COLOR = (30, 30, 30) HINT_COLOR = (220, 20, 60) # Crimson # 动物 Unicode 符号（18种，每种2个 → 共36个） ANIMALS = [ "🐶", "🐱", "🐰", "🦊", "🐼", "🐻", "🐨", "🐯", "🦁", "🐮", "🐷", "🐸", "🐵", "🐔", "🐧", "🐦", "🦄", "🐴" ] # 字体 font_large = pygame.font.SysFont("simhei", 28, bold=True) font_medium = pygame.font.SysFont("simhei", 22) font_small = pygame.font.SysFont("simhei", 18) # 创建窗口 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption("🐾 动物连连看（简易版）") # 游戏状态类 class Game: def __init__(self): self.reset() def reset(self): # 生成配对动物列表并打乱 tiles = ANIMALS * 2 random.shuffle(tiles) self.board = [tiles[i*GRID_SIZE:(i+1)*GRID_SIZE] for i in range(GRID_SIZE)] self.selected = [] # 存储已选中的坐标，如 [(r1,c1), (r2,c2)] self.matched = [[False]*GRID_SIZE for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] # 标记已消除 self.moves = 0 self.start_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() self.game_over = False self.message = "" self.message_timer = 0 # 判断两点是否「可连接」（简化：只允许 0 或 1 个直角转折，且路径上所有格子为空或为端点） def can_connect(self, r1, c1, r2, c2): if self.matched[r1][c1] or self.matched[r2][c2]: return False if (r1, c1) == (r2, c2): return False # 检查是否同行/同列（直线连接） if r1 == r2: step = 1 if c1 < c2 else -1 for c in range(c1 + step, c2, step): if self.matched[r1][c]: break else: return True # 直线通 if c1 == c2: step = 1 if r1 < r2 else -1 for r in range(r1 + step, r2, step): if self.matched[r][c1]: break else: return True # 直线通 # 尝试一个拐点：(r1, c2) 或 (r2, c1) for br, bc in [(r1, c2), (r2, c1)]: if 0 <= br < GRID_SIZE and 0 <= bc < GRID_SIZE: # 检查 (r1,c1) → (br,bc) → (r2,c2) 是否都通 seg1_ok = True seg2_ok = True # r1→br 垂直段（c1==bc） if c1 == bc: step = 1 if r1 < br else -1 for r in range(r1 + step, br, step): if self.matched[r][c1]: seg1_ok = False break else: seg1_ok = False # br→r2 垂直段（bc==c2） if bc == c2: step = 1 if br < r2 else -1 for r in range(br + step, r2, step): if self.matched[r][c2]: seg2_ok = False break else: seg2_ok = False if seg1_ok and seg2_ok: return True # 同理检查 (r1,c1) → (r2,c1) → (r2,c2)（水平+垂直） seg1_ok = True seg2_ok = True if r1 == r2: # 已在上面处理过，跳过 pass elif c1 == c1 and r1 != r2: # (r1,c1)->(r2,c1) 垂直 step = 1 if r1 < r2 else -1 for r in range(r1 + step, r2, step): if self.matched[r][c1]: seg1_ok = False break # (r2,c1)->(r2,c2) 水平 if seg1_ok and c1 != c2: step = 1 if c1 < c2 else -1 for c in range(c1 + step, c2, step): if self.matched[r2][c]: seg2_ok = False break if seg1_ok and seg2_ok: return True return False # 处理点击事件 def handle_click(self, pos): x, y = pos # 只响应棋盘区域点击 if not (BOARD_X <= x < BOARD_X + GRID_SIZE*CELL_SIZE and BOARD_Y <= y < BOARD_Y + GRID_SIZE*CELL_SIZE): return col = (x - BOARD_X) // CELL_SIZE row = (y - BOARD_Y) // CELL_SIZE if not (0 <= row < GRID_SIZE and 0 <= col < GRID_SIZE): return if self.matched[row][col]: return # 已匹配，忽略 if len(self.selected) == 0: self.selected.append((row, col)) elif len(self.selected) == 1: r1, c1 = self.selected[0] r2, c2 = row, col if (r1, c1) == (r2, c2): self.selected = [] return self.moves += 1 if self.board[r1][c1] == self.board[r2][c2] and self.can_connect(r1, c1, r2, c2): self.matched[r1][c1] = True self.matched[r2][c2] = True self.selected = [] self.message = "✅ 匹配成功！" self.message_timer = 60 # 显示1秒 # 检查是否全部匹配 if all(self.matched[r][c] for r in range(GRID_SIZE) for c in range(GRID_SIZE)): self.game_over = True self.message = "🎉 恭喜通关！" self.message_timer = 180 else: self.selected.append((row, col)) self.message = "❌ 不匹配或不可连！" self.message_timer = 60 else: # 有2个已选，新点替换第一个 self.selected = [(row, col)] # 绘制函数 def draw(self, screen): # 背景 screen.fill(BG_COLOR) # 顶部信息栏 pygame.draw.rect(screen, GRID_COLOR, (0, 0, WIDTH, TOP_BAR_HEIGHT)) time_sec = (pygame.time.get_ticks() - self.start_time) // 1000 moves_text = font_medium.render(f"步数: {self.moves}", True, TEXT_COLOR) time_text = font_medium.render(f"时间: {time_sec}s", True, TEXT_COLOR) screen.blit(moves_text, (20, 25)) screen.blit(time_text, (WIDTH - time_text.get_width() - 20, 25)) # 绘制棋盘背景 board_rect = pygame.Rect(BOARD_X, BOARD_Y, GRID_SIZE*CELL_SIZE, GRID_SIZE*CELL_SIZE) pygame.draw.rect(screen, (200, 230, 255), board_rect) pygame.draw.rect(screen, (100, 149, 237), board_rect, 3) # 绘制每个格子 for r in range(GRID_SIZE): for c in range(GRID_SIZE): x = BOARD_X + c * CELL_SIZE y = BOARD_Y + r * CELL_SIZE rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE) # 背景色：已匹配 → 浅绿；选中 → 金色；默认 → 白色 if self.matched[r][c]: color = (220, 255, 220) elif (r, c) in self.selected: color = SELECTED_COLOR else: color = (255, 255, 255) pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, rect) pygame.draw.rect(screen, (180, 180, 180), rect, 1) # 绘制动物文字（居中） if not self.matched[r][c]: text = font_large.render(self.board[r][c], True, TEXT_COLOR) tx = x + (CELL_SIZE - text.get_width()) // 2 ty = y + (CELL_SIZE - text.get_height()) // 2 screen.blit(text, (tx, ty)) # 绘制提示消息 if self.message_timer > 0: msg_surf = font_medium.render(self.message, True, HINT_COLOR) screen.blit(msg_surf, (WIDTH//2 - msg_surf.get_width()//2, HEIGHT - 60)) self.message_timer -= 1 # 游戏结束弹窗 if self.game_over: overlay = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT), pygame.SRCALPHA) overlay.fill((0, 0, 0, 180)) screen.blit(overlay, (0, 0)) win_text = font_large.render("🎊 游戏胜利！ 🎊", True, (255, 215, 0)) restart_text = font_medium.render("按 R 键重新开始", True, (255, 255, 255)) screen.blit(win_text, (WIDTH//2 - win_text.get_width()//2, HEIGHT//2 - 50)) screen.blit(restart_text, (WIDTH//2 - restart_text.get_width()//2, HEIGHT//2 + 10)) # 主游戏循环 def main(): clock = pygame.time.Clock() game = Game() running = True while running: dt = clock.tick(60) # 60 FPS # 事件处理 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if event.button == 1: # 左键 game.handle_click(event.pos) elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_r and game.game_over: game.reset() # 绘制 game.draw(screen) # 更新屏幕 pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit() sys.exit() if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` --- ### 🔍 代码解释说明： | 模块 | 说明 | |------|------| | **初始化与常量** | 设置窗口尺寸、网格参数、颜色、字体、动物符号池（Unicode 表情，跨平台兼容性好） | | **`can_connect()` 方法** | 核心逻辑！实现「单折线连通」判断：<br>① 同行/同列直线通（中间无障碍）<br>② 尝试两个潜在拐点 `(r1,c2)` 和 `(r2,c1)`，分两段验证是否都通（每段必须是直线且无障碍）<br>⚠️ 注意：此为**简化版算法**，未实现 BFS 全路径搜索，但足够支撑小棋盘趣味性 | | **状态管理** | `selected` 列表控制点击节奏（单击→选中，再点→配对/取消）；`matched` 二维布尔数组标记已消除位置 | | **UI 细节** | 顶部状态栏显示步数 & 时间；选中高亮金框；匹配成功绿色背景；失败红色提示；通关半透明弹窗 | | **重玩机制** | 游戏结束后按 `R` 键调用 `game.reset()` 重新洗牌开局 | > 💡 提示：该版本**不依赖任何图片资源**，全部使用系统支持的 Unicode Emoji 渲染，确保 Windows/macOS/Linux 均可运行（需系统字体支持 emoji，现代系统基本都支持）。 --- ### 🧩 进阶优化方向（供你后续拓展）： - ✅ 添加音效（匹配成功/失败音） - ✅ 支持撤销上一步（记录操作栈） - ✅ 难度选择（4×4 / 6×6 / 8×8） - ✅ 连通算法升级为「任意拐点 ≤ 2」或 BFS 最短路径 - ✅ 添加计分系统（时间奖励 + 步数惩罚） - ✅ 导出为独立 `.exe`（用 `pyinstaller`） ---