### 使用 Python 实现贪吃蛇游戏 以下是基于 Pygame 库实现的一个完整的贪吃蛇游戏代码示例： ```python import pygame import sys import random # 初始化 Pygame pygame.init() # 定义颜色 BLACK = (0, 0, 0) GREEN = (0, 255, 0) RED = (255, 0, 0) # 设置屏幕参数 SCREEN_WIDTH = 640 SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480 GRID_SIZE = 20 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') clock = pygame.time.Clock() # 定义蛇类 class Snake: def __init__(self): self.body = [(100, 100)] self.direction = 'RIGHT' def move(self): head_x, head_y = self.body[0] if self.direction == 'UP': new_head = (head_x, head_y - GRID_SIZE) elif self.direction == 'DOWN': new_head = (head_x, head_y + GRID_SIZE) elif self.direction == 'LEFT': new_head = (head_x - GRID_SIZE, head_y) elif self.direction == 'RIGHT': new_head = (head_x + GRID_SIZE, head_y) self.body.insert(0, new_head) self.body.pop() # 移除最后一节 def grow(self): tail_x, tail_y = self.body[-1] self.body.append((tail_x, tail_y)) # 增加一节尾巴 def check_collision(self): head_x, head_y = self.body[0] if (head_x < 0 or head_x >= SCREEN_WIDTH or head_y < 0 or head_y >= SCREEN_HEIGHT or any(segment == self.body[0] for segment in self.body[1:])): return True return False # 定义食物类 class Food: def __init__(self): self.position = None self.spawn() def spawn(self): while True: x = random.randrange(0, SCREEN_WIDTH, GRID_SIZE) y = random.randrange(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT, GRID_SIZE) self.position = (x, y) break # 初始化对象 snake = Snake() food = Food() score = 0 while True: screen.fill(BLACK) for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_UP and snake.direction != 'DOWN': snake.direction = 'UP' elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and snake.direction != 'UP': snake.direction = 'DOWN' elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and snake.direction != 'RIGHT': snake.direction = 'LEFT' elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and snake.direction != 'LEFT': snake.direction = 'RIGHT' snake.move() if snake.check_collision(): font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36) text = font.render(f'Game Over! Score: {score}', True, RED) screen.blit(text, (SCREEN_WIDTH // 2 - 100, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2)) pygame.display.flip() pygame.time.wait(2000) pygame.quit() sys.exit() if snake.body[0] == food.position: score += 1 snake.grow() food.spawn() # 绘制蛇和食物 for segment in snake.body: pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, [segment[0], segment[1], GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE]) pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, [food.position[0], food.position[1], GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE]) # 显示分数 font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36) text = font.render(f'Score: {score}', True, WHITE) screen.blit(text, (10, 10)) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(10) # 控制帧率 ``` #### 关键功能说明 - **绘制蛇体**：通过 `draw` 方法逐格绘制蛇的身体[^1]。 - **碰撞检测**：当蛇头撞到墙壁或自身时，触发游戏结束逻辑[^3]。 - **食物生成**：随机生成食物位置，并确保其不与蛇重叠[^5]。 --- ###