### 使用 Pygame 实现无人机模拟功能 以下是使用 Pygame 实现与 C++ raylib 代码相同功能的详细说明，包括窗口初始化、矩形地块绘制、无人机移动和碰撞检测等功能。 --- #### 1. 窗口初始化 在 Pygame 中，可以通过 `pygame.init()` 和 `pygame.display.set_mode()` 来初始化窗口。以下代码展示了如何设置窗口大小和标题[^1]。 ```python import pygame import random # 初始化 Pygame pygame.init() # 设置窗口大小和标题 screen_width, screen_height = 800, 600 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height)) pygame.display.set_caption("Drone Simulation") ``` --- #### 2. 矩形地块绘制 在 Pygame 中，可以使用 `pygame.draw.rect()` 方法绘制矩形地块。以下代码生成随机位置的农田地块，并根据是否被喷洒改变颜色[^2]。 ```python class FarmPlot: def __init__(self, x, y): self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, 80, 80) self.sprayed = False def draw(self, surface): color = DARKGREEN if self.sprayed else BROWN pygame.draw.rect(surface, color, self.rect) # 生成随机农田地块 farm_plots = [] for _ in range(5): x = random.randint(50, screen_width - 130) y = random.randint(150, screen_height - 130) farm_plots.append(FarmPlot(x, y)) ``` --- #### 3. 无人机类定义 在 Pygame 中，可以通过创建一个类来表示无人机的位置、速度和旋转角度。以下代码实现了无人机的基本功能[^3]。 ```python class Drone: def __init__(self, x, y): self.position = pygame.math.Vector2(x, y) self.speed = 5 self.rotation = 0 def move(self, keys): if keys[pygame.K_UP]: self.position.y -= self.speed if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]: self.position.y += self.speed if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]: self.position.x -= self.speed if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]: self.position.x += self.speed def draw(self, surface): # 绘制无人机主体 rect = pygame.Rect(self.position.x - 20, self.position.y - 12, 40, 24) pygame.draw.rect(surface, DARKGRAY, rect, border_radius=5) # 绘制旋翼 blade_length = 15 prop_top = (self.position.x, self.position.y - 28) prop_bottom = (self.position.x, self.position.y + 28) prop_left = (self.position.x - 28, self.position.y) prop_right = (self.position.x + 28, self.position.y) pygame.draw.line(surface, SKYBLUE, (prop_top[0] - blade_length, prop_top[1]), (prop_top[0] + blade_length, prop_top[1])) pygame.draw.line(surface, SKYBLUE, (prop_bottom[0] - blade_length, prop_bottom[1]), (prop_bottom[0] + blade_length, prop_bottom[1])) pygame.draw.line(surface, SKYBLUE, (prop_left[0], prop_left[1] - blade_length), (prop_left[0], prop_left[1] + blade_length)) pygame.draw.line(surface, SKYBLUE, (prop_right[0], prop_right[1] - blade_length), (prop_right[0], prop_right[1] + blade_length)) drone = Drone(screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2) ``` --- #### 4. 碰撞检测和分数计算 在 Pygame 中，可以使用 `pygame.Rect.colliderect()` 方法进行碰撞检测。以下代码实现了无人机与农田地块的碰撞逻辑[^4]。 ```python score = 0 def check_collision(): global score for plot in farm_plots: if not plot.sprayed and plot.rect.collidepoint(drone.position.x, drone.position.y): plot.sprayed = True score += 1 ``` --- #### 5. 主循环 主循环负责处理事件、更新逻辑和绘制内容。以下代码展示了完整的主循环实现[^5]。 ```python clock = pygame.time.Clock() running = True while running: screen.fill(LIGHTGRAY) # 清屏 # 处理事件 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False keys = pygame.key.get_pressed() drone.move(keys) # 检测碰撞 check_collision() # 绘制农田地块 for plot in farm_plots: plot.draw(screen) # 绘制无人机 drone.draw(screen) # 显示分数 font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 36) text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, BLACK) screen.blit(text, (10, 10)) # 刷新屏幕 pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(60) pygame.quit() ``` --- ### 颜色定义 为了代码的可读性，可以在顶部定义颜色常量[^6]。 ```python BLACK = (0, 0, 0) WHITE = (255, 255, 255) LIGHTGRAY = (200, 200, 200) DARKGRAY = (100, 100, 100) BROWN = (139, 69, 19) DARKGREEN = (0, 100, 0) SKYBLUE = (135, 206, 235) ``` ---