要用 Python 提取给定文本中的数字，并将它们存储在一个字典中，可以按照以下步骤操作： 我们可以利用正则表达式模块 `re` 来解析字符串内容，提取出相关的数据块及其对应的数值。 ### 示例代码 ```python import re # 原始测试结果字符串 data = """Starting sequential write test with block size: 4096 bytes Block size 4096 : 1073741824 Bytes in 3783.68 ms. Throughput 270.67 MB/s Block size 4096 : 1073741824 Bytes in 3758.125 ms. Throughput 272.47 MB/s Starting sequential write test with block size: 8192 bytes Block size 8192 : 1073741824 Bytes in 2882.871 ms. Throughput 355.20 MB/s Block size 8192 : 1073741824 Bytes in 2878.128 ms. Throughput 355.78 MB/s""" result_dict = {} # 使用正则表达式匹配 Block Size 和其对应的数据值 pattern = r"Block size (\d+) : (\d+) Bytes in ([\d\.]+) ms. Throughput ([\d\.]+) MB/s" matches = re.findall(pattern, data) for match in matches: block_size = int(match[0]) # 匹配到的块大小 total_bytes = int(match[1]) # 总传输字节数 time_ms = float(match[2]) # 所需时间 (毫秒) throughput_mbs = float(match[3]) # 吞吐量 (MB/s) if block_size not in result_dict: result_dict[block_size] = [] result_dict[block_size].append({ "total_bytes": total_bytes, "time_ms": time_ms, "throughput_mbs": throughput_mbs }) print(result_dict) ``` 运行上述代码会生成如下的字典结构: ```plaintext { 4096: [ {'total_bytes': 1073741824, 'time_ms': 3783.68, 'throughput_mbs': 270.67}, {'total_bytes': 1073741824, 'time_ms': 3758.125, 'throughput_mbs': 272.47} ], 8192: [ {'total_bytes': 1073741824, 'time_ms': 2882.871, 'throughput_mbs': 355.2}, {'total_bytes': 1073741824, 'time_ms': 2878.128, 'throughput_mbs': 355.78} ] } ``` --- **解释** 1. 正则表达式的每个部分分别匹配： - `(\d+)`: 捕获连续的数字序列（例如块大小、总字节等） - `\s+`: 空格分隔符 - `[.]`: 小数点用于浮点型的时间和吞吐量单位 2. 结果按块大小分类存入字典，其中每项包含该次实验的具体信息。 ---