### 使用 Docker Compose 部署 Keepalived 和 Nginx 为了在两台服务器上使用 `docker-compose` 部署 Keepalived 和 Nginx，可以按照以下方法操作。 #### 准备工作 确保每台服务器都已安装 Docker 和 Docker Compose。创建两个目录分别作为每台服务器的工作空间： ```bash mkdir -p ~/server1/keepalived_nginx mkdir -p ~/server2/keepalived_nginx ``` 进入相应的目录并编辑 `docker-compose.yml` 文件。 #### 编写 docker-compose.yml 文件 对于 Master 节点（假设为主节点），编写如下配置文件: ```yaml version: '3' services: keepalived: image: osixia/keepalived container_name: keepalived_master environment: KEEPALIVED_INTERFACE: eth0 KEEPALIVED_UNICAST_PEERS: "['192.168.100.2']" KEEPALIVED_PRIORITY: "200" KEEPALIVED_VIRTUAL_ROUTER_ID: "51" KEEPALIVED_PASSWORD: "password" cap_add: - NET_ADMIN network_mode: host volumes: - ./keepalived.conf:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf nginx: image: nginx:latest container_name: nginx_master ports: - "80:80" depends_on: - keepalived networks: - webnet networks: webnet: ``` 对于 Backup 节点，则需调整部分参数以反映其备份身份: ```yaml version: '3' services: keepalived: image: osixia/keepalived container_name: keepalived_backup environment: KEEPALIVED_INTERFACE: eth0 KEEPALIVED_UNICAST_PEERS: "['192.168.100.1']" KEEPALIVED_PRIORITY: "100" KEEPALIVED_VIRTUAL_ROUTER_ID: "51" KEEPALIVED_PASSWORD: "password" cap_add: - NET_ADMIN network_mode: host volumes: - ./keepalived.conf:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf nginx: image: nginx:latest container_name: nginx_backup ports: - "80:80" depends_on: - keepalived networks: - webnet networks: webnet: ``` 注意，在上述配置中，主节点和备用节点之间的区别在于优先级 (`KEEPALIVED_PRIORITY`) 的设置以及对方 IP 地址(`KEEPALIVED_UNICAST_PEERS`) 的指定[^1]。 #### 启动服务 保存更改后的 `docker-compose.yml` 文件，并执行命令启动服务： ```bash docker-compose up -d ``` 这将在后台启动所有定义的服务实例。此时应该可以看到虚拟IP地址已经漂移到具有更高优先级的机器上了。 #### 测试高可用性 可以通过关闭当前持有 VIP 的主机上的 KeepAlived 来测试 HA 设置的有效性；VIP 将会自动迁移到另一台存活着的成员那里去[^3]。